sycophant
英 ['s?k?f?nt]
美['s?k?f?nt]
- n. 諂媚者；奉承者
- adj. 奉承的；拍馬的
GRE暢通詞匯
詞態(tài)變化
復(fù)數(shù):?sycophants;形容詞:?sycophantic;
中文詞源
sycophant 告密者，誹謗者，諂媚者，拍馬者
來(lái)自拉丁語(yǔ) sycopanta,來(lái)自希臘語(yǔ) sykophantes,告密者，誹謗者，字面意思為展示無(wú)花果的人， 來(lái)自 sykon,無(wú)花果，-phant,顯現(xiàn)，展示，詞源同 epiphany,phantasm.其詞源說(shuō)法不一，其中兩
英文詞源
- sycophant
- sycophant: [16] Sycophants are etymologically ‘fig-showers’. The word comes via Latin sychophanta from Greek súkophántēs, a compound formed from súkon ‘fig’ and -phántēs ‘shower’, a derivative of phaínein ‘show’ (source of English fancy, phantom, etc). Súkon (which probably came from a Semitic source that also produced Latin ficus ‘fig’, source of English fig) was used metaphorically for ‘cunt’, and hence for an ‘indecent gesture made by putting the thumb into the mouth or between two fingers’.
People who grassed on criminals were said to ‘show them the fig’ – ‘show them two fingers’, as it might be expressed in modern English. And so the term súkophántēs came to be used for an ‘informer’, and eventually, via ‘one who ingratiates himself by informing’, for a ‘flatterer’ or ‘toady’.
=> fancy, phantom, sycamore - sycophant (n.)
- 1530s (in Latin form sycophanta), "informer, talebearer, slanderer," from Middle French sycophante and directly from Latin sycophanta, from Greek sykophantes "false accuser, slanderer," literally "one who shows the fig," from sykon "fig" (see fig) + phainein "to show" (see phantasm). "Showing the fig" was a vulgar gesture made by sticking the thumb between two fingers, a display which vaguely resembles a fig, itself symbolic of a vagina (sykon also meant "vulva"). The modern accepted explanation is that prominent politicians in ancient Greece held aloof from such inflammatory gestures, but privately urged their followers to taunt their opponents. The sense of "mean, servile flatterer" is first recorded in English 1570s.
The explanation, long current, that it orig. meant an informer against the unlawful exportation of figs cannot be substantiated. [OED]
雙語(yǔ)例句
- 1. But I'll be damned if I'll be blocked by some sycophant in the White House.
- 但我可能被那些白宮里的馬屁精所詛咒.
來(lái)自電影對(duì)白
- 2. She was all over him at the office party. what a sycophant!
- 辦公室聚會(huì)的時(shí)候,他對(duì)她大鮮殷勤, 好個(gè)馬屁精!
來(lái)自互聯(lián)網(wǎng)
- 3. A sycophant flatterer is neither a guru or a preacher.
- 一個(gè)諂媚者既非古茹也不是傳教士.
來(lái)自互聯(lián)網(wǎng)
- 4. Bestowing favor on a dubious sycophant often lead to the downfall of dynasties.
- 寵用奸佞是歷代王朝亡國(guó)的重要原因.
來(lái)自互聯(lián)網(wǎng)